Living in the U.S.A
Important U.S. Laws for ALL J-1 SWT
J-1 visa holders in the United States, including students participating in work and travel program, are subject to specific rules and regulations outlined by the U.S. Department of State. Here are key aspects of the rules and laws for J-1 students working in the USA:
Safety
Be Safe!
- Do not walk alone at night and stay in well-lit areas.
- Do not carry important documents with you.
- Never give out your passport to anyone.
- Put your money in the bank and do not carry large amounts of cash.
- Do not carry large bags and/or backpacks.
- Lock your bike.
- Do not hitchhike, especially if you get a ride offered by a stranger.
- Only carry a photocopy of your passport in your wallet, do not carry the original with you and keep the original in a safe place.
- If you are ever in an uncomfortable or unsafe situation, ask a Police officer for help.
Safety for women
Women, especially international students, can easily be the target of robbery, rape, or other serious crimes. Helpful tips:
- Never walk alone at night.
- Always go out in a group.
- Always keep an eye on your drink when you go out.
- Never accept an open drink from a stranger.
- Never drink something that looks or smells strange.
- Be aware of your surroundings.
If someone is following you, get to a well-lit area and call 911
U.S. State Department J1 Visa Emergency Hotline: (866) 283-9090. Please do not be afraid to approach a police officer and ask for help. Police officers are public servants and can be trusted. They will not ask you for money and if you are lost, please do not hesitate to ask for directions.
Walking Safety
When walking, always use the sidewalk and if there isn’t one, walk on the road’s shoulder. Make it a habit to use crosswalks instead of walking on the street and always look both ways before crossing. It’s important to avoid flagging down cars for rides, as this can be unsafe and unpredictable.
Biking Safely
While biking, adhere strictly to traffic signals, signs, and road markings. Avoid riding on sidewalks and always go in the direction of traffic, sticking to the far right-hand side of the road. At night, ensure you use lights and reflectors for visibility. Be mindful of pedestrians and be aware of vehicles that might turn right at red lights.
Financial Safety
Keep your money secure by using ATM cards for transactions rather than carrying cash. This reduces the risk of theft or loss. Consider wiring money to your home country and use internet banking for a quick check of your account balances. Also, keep your passport and other valuables in a safe deposit box for added security.
Drugs and Smoking
- Possession of controlled dangerous substances or drugs is illegal in the USA.
- The legal age to purchase cigarettes in the USA is 21.
For more information about U.S. laws follow the link: https://usahello.org/life-in-usa/laws/useful-us-laws/
J1 Legal rights in the states
As a J-1 visa holder in the USA, you have specific legal rights and responsibilities outlined by the U.S. Department of State and the regulations governing J-1 exchange visitor programs. Here are some key points regarding your legal rights:
Work Authorization
Depending on your J-1 program category, you might have specific permissions for work, such as on-campus employment, academic training, or internship opportunities related to your field of study. You must adhere strictly to the limitations and guidelines set by your program sponsor regarding employment.
Minimum Wage and Labor Rights: Similar to other workers in the United States, you are entitled to receive at least the minimum wage set by federal or state law, whichever is higher, for the work you perform. You also have rights against workplace discrimination, harassment, and unsafe working conditions.
Program Compliance
You must comply with the rules and regulations of your J-1 visa program. This includes maintaining your program’s purpose, such as studying, teaching, conducting research, or participating in the specific exchange program for which your visa was granted. Any deviation from the program’s requirements should be communicated and approved by your program sponsor.
Health Insurance Requirement: It’s mandatory for J-1 visa holders and their dependents to have health insurance that meets the specific requirements outlined by the U.S. Department of State for the entire duration of their stay in the United States. Your program sponsor usually provides guidance or assistance in acquiring appropriate health insurance coverage.
Cultural Exchange Obligations
While in the United States, you’re expected to actively participate in the cultural exchange aspect of your program. Engaging in activities that promote cultural exchange and understanding between your home country and the U.S. is a fundamental part of your J-1 program.
Legal Protections: You have legal protections against exploitation and abuse. If you face any issues related to mistreatment, violations of your rights, or any concerns about your program or work conditions, you can seek assistance from your program sponsor, the U.S. Department of State, or legal professionals specializing in immigration or labor law.
You have legal rights in the U.S. Protect yourself against exploitation, discrimination, or any mistreatment in the workplace by being aware of your rights and seeking assistance from your program sponsor or legal experts if needed.
To Know Your Rights Click Here
2020 J1 Student Immigration Guide OHIO Click Here
State Minimum Wage Laws Click Here
MEDICAL CARE
All Summer Work & Travel USA students will have accident and sickness insurance coverage throughout their program in the U.S. This insurance, arranged by a facilitating agency, is provided through an insurance company. Participants are insured during their program dates (as indicated by your DS-2019 dates).
Check Your Health
As part of your program benefits, you’ll receive medical insurance that covers sudden illnesses and emergencies while you’re in the United States. However, it won’t cover routine checkups or procedures. Before you leave, it’s important to visit your doctor and dentist for a checkup.
If you take prescription medication, make sure to bring enough for your entire trip. Also, bring a note from your doctor listing all your prescriptions and why you need them. You may need this information if you see a doctor while you’re in the United States.
For more details about your insurance coverage, you can visit the insurance website provided by your agency.
Before You Leave for the U.S.
- Familiarize yourself with your insurance coverage: Be sure to read your insurance brochure to understand the details of your coverage.
- Obtaining your insurance ID card: Approximately one week before your arrival date, you will receive your ID card and health insurance information.
- Accessing your insurance card: You can conveniently download your insurance card here. Remember to save it on your phone or keep a printed copy as a backup.
Using Your Insurance While in the U.S.
In Case of Emergency
If you’re facing an emergency and need immediate assistance from the police or ambulance, dial 911 from any phone.
Remember, only call 911 in a real emergency. In some cities, misusing this number could result in fines.
Non-Emergency Care
For immediate care in non-emergency situations, you SHOULD go to a Walk-in Clinic, Urgent Care center or local doctor. Urgent Care and Walk-in Clinics are often the best places to seek medical care as you can walk right in and they require no appointment.
Understanding U.S. Healthcare & Insurance
The healthcare system in the U.S. is different from many other countries. There’s no one-size-fits-all insurance coverage for everyone. However, there’s an ultimate safety net in place for people who are injured. Emergency rooms are required to treat anyone who comes in, regardless of their ability to pay.
But if you can afford medical care, you’re expected to cover the costs. That’s why the U.S. government has made it mandatory for all citizens to have healthcare insurance. For most students, health insurance is included as part of your program benefits.
When you visit a doctor, you’ll need to show your insurance ID card and may have to pay a small fee called a co-payment, or “co-pay.”
Understanding Your Medical Insurance Coverage
Please note that the following information generally outlines what is covered or not covered by your insurance. However, coverage may vary depending on the specific agency managing your program.
What Is Covered:
This insurance primarily covers accidents and sickness related to your program activities. It’s important to remember that it is not comprehensive health insurance.
While many illnesses are covered, not all conditions may be included in the J-1 agency insurance plan.
What Is Not Covered:
Injuries sustained from high-risk activities such as motorcycle riding or hang-gliding are typically not covered by the insurance.
Pre-existing conditions, such as diabetes or depression, may not be covered.
Routine eye exams and dental checkups are generally not covered unless they result from an accident.
For detailed information about all your benefits and coverage, we encourage you to carefully review the insurance brochure provided by your agency.
Important Tips
- Keep a printed copy of your medical insurance with you at all times. Read and know the terms of your policy.
- Store a digital copy of your medical insurance in your smartphone’s wallet app.
- Contact the insurance company prior to visiting any medical center to get information about the coverage provided.
- You may have to pay in cash or credit card at the time of your medical appointment. Keep all of your medical bills and receipts. You will need them to get reimbursed by the insurance company.
- If you do not know your insurance information, provide your sponsor’s information to the receptionist at the doctor’s office or medical facility.
- Do not go to the Emergency Room for minor illness and injuries (such as sunburn, colds, etc.).
- Visit an Urgent Care Clinic or one of the local “The Little Clinic” offices located inside your local Kroger Grocery store instead.
If you need medical care of an emergency nature (serious/life-threatening injury or illness), go to the Emergency Room or call 911 and ask for an ambulance.
Please know the terms of your insurance – there is a high deductible if you are not admitted to the hospital after receiving emergency care.
If you are injured on the job, report it immediately to your supervisor so your employer is aware, and can document the injury.
All employers are required to have Workers Compensation Coverage for their employees who are injured on the job, and will be responsible for the medical bills for work-related injuries.
Transportation
When participating in the Work and Travel USA program, transportation is a key aspect to consider both for daily commutes to your job and for exploring the country during your free time. Here are the primary transportation options available:
Transportation Options
- Public Transportation:
- Buses: Most cities and towns have a bus system that is affordable and accessible. Buses are a reliable option for daily commutes and local travel.
- Subways and Light Rail: In larger cities like New York, Washington D.C., and Chicago, subways and light rail systems are efficient for getting around the city quickly.
- Trams and Trolleys: Some cities, such as San Francisco and New Orleans, offer trams or trolleys, which are convenient and add a cultural experience to your commute.
- Bicycles:
- Bike Rentals and Bike Sharing Programs: Many cities offer bike-sharing programs and rental services. This is a cost-effective and environmentally friendly way to commute.
- Personal Bicycles: If you prefer, you can purchase a bicycle for the duration of your stay. Many stores sell affordable second-hand bikes.
- Walking:
- Proximity to Work: If your accommodation is close to your workplace, walking is the most economical and healthy mode of transportation.
- Exploring Local Areas: Walking is also a great way to explore local neighborhoods and attractions.
- Ride-Sharing Services and Taxis:
- Uber and Lyft: Ride-sharing services like Uber and Lyft are widely available and can be convenient, especially for late-night travel or when public transportation is not available.
- Traditional Taxis: Taxis are another option, though they can be more expensive than ride-sharing services.
- Car Rentals and Car Sharing:
- Short-Term Rentals: For weekend trips or travel to areas not serviced by public transportation, renting a car from companies like Enterprise, Hertz, or Budget can be a good option.
- Car Sharing Programs: Services like Zipcar allow you to rent cars by the hour or day, which can be convenient for short trips.
- Intercity Transportation:
- Buses: Companies like Greyhound and Megabus offer affordable intercity bus services, making it easy to travel between cities.
- Trains: Amtrak provides train services across the country. While sometimes more expensive than buses, trains can offer a more comfortable and scenic travel experience.
- Domestic Flights: For long-distance travel, domestic flights can save time. Airlines like Southwest, Delta, and JetBlue offer flights to various destinations within the U.S.
Tips for Choosing the Right Transportation
- Assess Your Needs:
- Determine the distance between your accommodation and workplace.
- Consider how often you will need to travel and the availability of public transportation in your area.
- Budget:
- Calculate your transportation budget and compare the costs of different options.
- Look for discounts or passes for frequent travelers, such as monthly bus or subway passes.
- Convenience and Flexibility:
- Choose transportation that fits your schedule and provides flexibility, especially if you work irregular hours.
- Consider the convenience of reaching your destination without long wait times or multiple transfers.
- Safety:
- Prioritize safety, especially if you will be traveling late at night or in unfamiliar areas. Research the safety records of different transportation options.
- Environmental Impact:
- If you are environmentally conscious, consider eco-friendly transportation options like biking, walking, or using public transit.
- Local Knowledge:
- Ask locals or fellow participants about the most efficient and reliable transportation methods in your area.
- Utilize online resources and apps for real-time information on transportation schedules and routes.
Helpful Transportation Apps
- Google Maps: Provides directions and transit schedules for various modes of transportation.
- Citymapper: Offers detailed transit information for major cities, including real-time updates.
- Uber and Lyft: For ride-sharing services.
- Transit: A comprehensive app for public transportation schedules and routes.
- Zipcar: For car-sharing services.